Just concentrate on Germany’s economic interests. Germany’s economy is not doing well. The AfD will use this to get into power. Hitler rose to power because the democratic Weimar Republic couldn’t control inflation.

1. Yes, all Western countries must address the problem of regressive taxes.
2. Subsidies might be important in helping new industries such as in AI. It’s better to let the free market determine salary.
3. Increasing the military budget is probably OK considering the dangers in the world. The size of the police budget depends on the crime rate in France.
4. Pensions should be decreased. More should be invested in schools since this helps the young but like you said it is an explosive issue.

No, it undermines their position on immigration, their top issue. On other issues, people might not agree with them.

From their countries, but the US Navy can continue its blockade and bomb Iran.

Europe, China, and Russia should negotiate with Iran. The problem with regional countries is that they have no power to implement any agreement if the US doesn’t approve.

Good. This will undermine the appeal of far-right groups which are anti-immigrant.

One protester complained that taxes are too high. How does he expect to have better schools without higher taxes? This shows the protesters do not know how to achieve their desires.